Imagem construída pelo enfermeiro da estratégia saúde da família sobre a pessoa com transtorno mental / Imagen construida por el enfermero de la estrategia de salud de la familia sobre la persona con trastorno mental / The Family Health Strategy Nurse's Constructed Image about the Person with a Mental Disorder

Introdução: Dentre os membros da estratégia saúde da família, está o enfermeiro, um profissional capaz de perceber o indivíduo como um todo, favorecendo a assistência às pessoas com transtorno mental de maneira qualificada. Objetivo: Analisar a imagem da pessoa com transtorno mental construída pelos enfermeiros da estratégia de saúde da família. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo, de natureza descritivo-exploratória, cujo cenário foi composto pelas Unidades de Saúde de Maceió, com a partticipação de quinze enfermeiros, que foram entrevistados com base em uma entrevista semiestruturada e a metodologia utilizada foi a análise de conteúdo por meio de análise temática e o referencial teórico utilizado foram os conceitos de estigma, identidade social e pessoal da teoria de Erving Goffman. Resultados: Na problematização emergiram três categorias de análise: Transtorno mental: uma imagem ainda estigmatizada; Relação enfermeiro-pessoa: dificuldades para o encontro entre o eu e o outro; Possibilidades de mudanças: o portador de transtorno mental é simplesmente uma pessoa. Conclusões: Os enfermeiros ainda mantêm uma imagem marcada pelo estigma da loucura, sentimentos de insegurança e falta de confiança dificultam a realização de cuidados efetivos em saúde mental, os quais, por sua vez, estão relacionados à má formação e ausência de atualizações(AU)

Introducción: Entre los miembros de la estrategia salud de la familia está el enfermero, un profesional que puede percibir al individuo en su totalidad, favoreciendo una asistencia calificada a las personas con trastorno mental. Objetivo: Analizar la imagen de la persona con trastorno mental construida por el enfermero miembro de la estrategia de salud de la familia. Métodos: Estudio cualitativo, descriptivo exploratorio, cuyo escenario fue compuesto por las Unidades de Salud de Maceió, con la participación de quince enfermeras, que fueron entrevistadas en base a una entrevista semiestructurada. La metodología utilizada fue el análisis de contenido mediante análisis temático y el marco teórico utilizado fueron los conceptos de estigma, identidad social y personal de la teoría de Erving Goffman. Resultados: En la problematización surgieron tres categorías de análisis: Trastorno mental: una imagen aún estigmatizada; Relación enfermero-persona: dificultades para el encuentro entre el yo y el otro; y Posibilidades de cambio: el portador de trastorno mental es simplemente una persona. Conclusión: El personal de enfermería aún mantiene una imagen marcada por el estigma de la locura, sentimientos de inseguridad y la falta de confianza dificultan la realización de cuidados efectivos en salud mental, los cuales a su vez están relacionados con un pobre entrenamiento y ausencia de actualización(AU)

Introduction: Among those members who participate in the family health strategy is the nurse, a professional who can perceive the individual in his/her entire being, favoring qualified assistance for people with mental disorders. Objective: To analyze the image about the person with a mental disorder constructed by the nurse who is a member of the family health strategy. Methods: Qualitative, descriptive and exploratory study whose setting was composed of the health units in Maceió and carried out with the participation of fifteen nurses, who were conducted a semi-structured interview. The methodology used was content analysis through thematic analysis, while the theoretical framework used included the concepts of stigma, and social and personal identity provided within Erving Goffman's theory. Results: In the problematization, three categories of analysis emerged: mental disorder, an image still stigmatized; nurse-person relationship, difficulties for the encounter between the self and the other; and possibilities for a change, the carrier of a mental disorder is simply a person. Conclusion: The nursing staff still maintains an image marked by the stigma of insanity; feelings of insecurity and lack of confidence hinder the performance or provision of effective mental health cares, which is, in turn, related to poor training and absence of upgrade(AU)

Perfil obstétrico e neonatal dos partos naturais domiciliares assistidos por enfermeiros obstetras

Objetivo: Descrever o perfil obstétrico e neonatal dos partos naturais assistidos por enfermeiros obstetras nos domicílios. Material y Método: Estudo documental de abordagem quantitativo-descritivo e retrospectivo, desenvolvido nos prontuários arquivados pelas duas únicas equipes de enfermagem obstétrica privada de Maceió, Alagoas. A coleta dos dados ocorreu entre abril a maio de 2017 e baseado na media estimada de 140; abordaram-se 72 prontuários disponíveis que cumpriram com todos os requisitos éticos de pesquisa deste cunho em relação à dispensa do termo de consentimento livre e esclarecido. Resultados: Com predomínio da faixa etária das genetrizes de 20 a 29 anos (58,3%), casadas (58,7%) e com nível superior (83,4%). Multípara (87,5%), com partos na água (62,5%), de quatro apoios (40,3%), sem laceração perineal (77,8%) e com delivramento espontâneo (94,4%). O aspecto do liquido amniótico claro (95,8%), com Apgar e o teste do coraçãozinho satisfatório para manutenção da vida (100%). Conclusão: Apesar das equipes de enfermagem obstétrica atuarem nos cenários hospitalar e domiciliar, o público procurou por partos domiciliares e evidenciou-se que parir em casa é tão seguro do que parir institucionalmente e sobretudo se respeita a opinião feminina.

Objective: To describe the obstetric and neonatal profile of natural births assisted by obstetric nurses at home. Materials and Methods: Documentary study of quantitative-descriptive and retrospective approach, carried out using the medical records filed by the only two private obstetric nursing teams of Maceió, state of Alagoas, Brazil. Data collection took place between April and May 2017 and, based on an estimated average of 140, 72 available medical records that met all ethical research requirements in relation to the waiver of the informed consent form were used. Results: 72 records were analyzed, with a predominance of the age group of 20- to 29-year-olds (58.3%), married (58.7%) and having higher education level (83.4%). Multicenter (87.5%), water births (62.5%), on four legs (40.3%), no perineal laceration (77.8%) and spontaneous placenta delivery (94.4%). Clear amniotic fluid (95.8%), APGAR and satisfactory heart test for life maintenance (100%). Conclusion: Although obstetrical nursing teams work in the hospital and home settings, people preferred home births and it was shown that giving birth at home is as safe as giving birth institutionally, especially if it takes into account women's opinion.

Objetivo: Describir el perfil obstétrico y neonatal de los partos naturales asistidos por enfermeros obstetras en los domicilios. Material y Método: Estudio documental de enfoque cuantitativo-descriptivo y retrospectivo, desarrollado con los registros archivados por los dos únicos equipos de enfermería obstétrica privada de la ciudad de Maceió, estado de Alagoas, Brasil. La recolección de datos fue entre abril y mayo de 2017 y se basó en una media estimada de 140. Finalmente se obtuvieron 72 fichas que cumplieron con todos los requisitos éticos de investigación respecto del consentimiento libre e informado. Resultados: Predominó el grupo de edad de las progenitoras de 20 a 29 años (58,3%), casadas (58,7%) y con nivel escolar superior (83,4%). Multípara (87,5%), con partos en el agua (62,5%), de cuatro apoyos (40,3%), sin laceración perineal (77,8%) y con expulsión espontánea de la placenta (94,4%). El aspecto del líquido amniótico claro (95,8%), con APGAR y el test del corazón satisfactorio para el mantenimiento de la vida (100%). Conclusión: A pesar de que los equipos de enfermería obstétrica actúan en los escenarios hospitalarios y domiciliarios, el público optó por partos domiciliarios y se evidenció que dar a luz en casa es tan seguro como dar a luz institucionalmente, sobre todo si se respeta la opinión femenina.

Complaints filed against nursing professionals.

BACKGROUND: In their daily practice, Brazilian nurses have been met with complaints from co-workers and patients, as well as bioethical dilemmas intrinsic to the profession, particularly in the context of care delivery. Complaints against nursing professionals have been in the media spotlight. OBJECTIVE: To examine complaints filed with the Regional Board of Nursing of Mato Grosso do Sul (COREN-MS) in Midwest Brazil. METHOD: Retrospective, analytical desk research of 111 complaints received by COREN-MS in 2003-2013 was carried out. Characterizations of complainant, professionals investigated, and complaints were the variables investigated. Ethical consideration: The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul. To ensure confidentiality and anonymity, all documents retrieved were examined in situ and subjects were assigned numbered codes. RESULTS: Most complainants were nursing professionals (40). Most causes of complaint originated in the hospital setting (65). Most allegations were made against nursing technicians and licensed practical nurses (82). Complaints involving interprofessional relationships (85), iatrogenic events (36), and professional liability (20) predominated. DISCUSSION: Bioethical principles were breached, translating to poor-quality nursing care, detrimental to the professional image of nurses among users and nursing professionals alike. CONCLUSION: The findings can serve as input to guide nursing schools and boards of nursing in developing policies to raise awareness among nursing professionals, sensitizing them to the responsible provision of care in the light of bioethical and legal principles.

The experience of nursing students facing death and dying.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the phenomenon experienced by nursing students in their academic practices in view of death and dying. METHODOLOGY: This was a qualitative study, based on Martin Heidegger' existential phenomenology, undertaken at a public University in Alagoas, Brazil, between August and October 2013. Seven senior students of nursing were interviewed. RESULTS: The phenomenological analysis yielded the following existential themes: Facing death and dying in academic practice; Acknowledging impotence in the face of death; Glimpsing the possibility of solicitude; Interacting with the family in view of the loss; Experiencing spirituality in the face of dying. CONCLUSION: It is deduced that, during the academic education, the theme involving death and dying has been addressed insufficiently, without precisely attending to all the demands of the nursing students during care in the dying process.

[Project HOPE contribution to the setting up of the professional identity of the first nurses from Alagoas, 1973-1977]. / Contribuição do Projeto HOPE para a configuração da identidade profissional das primeiras enfermeiras alagoanas, 1973 a 1977.

Social-historical study conducted to examine the contribution of the American Nurses of Project HOPE to the configuration of the professional identity of the first trained nurses in Alagoas, in the period of 1973-1977. The theoretical framework was the "Civilizing Process" of Norbert Elias. Primary sources were official documents and personal files of 13 respondents by oral history; the secondary sources were authors of the History of Brazil/Alagoas. Data analysis showed that the configuration of the professional identity of the first trained nurses in Alagoas was a civilizing process, with all the nuances that make up the power relations. There was a significant contribution of American Nursing. However the movement of resistance to this domination was very strong, resulting in a Course that could take advantage of technological advancement and prestige brought by the United States, to build a unique Nursing from the social fabric embroidery at this meeting with so many different cultures.

Visitas domiciliares como estratégias de promoção da saúde pela enfermagem / Home visits as a strategy for health promotion by nursing / Visitas domiciliarias de la enfermería como estrategia para la promoción de la salud

Analisar a visita domiciliar realizada pelos enfermeiros da Estratégia Saúdeda Família como uma atividade de promoção da saúde. Métodos: Estudo exploratório/descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa. Teve como sujeitos nove enfermeiras das Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Distritos Sanitários, em Maceió-AL. Os dados foram colhidos através de uma entrevista semiestruturada, nos meses de abril a agosto de 2012, e analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo e à luz do referencial teórico da Promoção da Saúde. Resultados: As enfermeiras reconhecem que a visita domiciliar pode ser uma forma de promover a saúde de indivíduos, famílias e comunidade, mas, no cotidiano, a ação continua focando na doença, com ações curativas, de caráter individual, que não leva em consideração o contexto social no qual o usuário e sua família estão inseridos. Conclusão: Considera-se que ainda é incipiente a utilização da visita domiciliar pelas enfermeiras da Estratégia Saúde da Família como uma atividade de promoção da saúde, pois, apesar de reconhecerem a necessidade de reversão do modelo assistencial, na prática, observa-se que o foco das visitas ainda está voltado para o modelo biologicista...

Transcriptome analysis of resistant soybean roots infected by Meloidogyne javanica.

Soybean is an important crop for Brazilian agribusiness. However, many factors can limit its production, especially root-knot nematode infection. Studies on the mechanisms employed by the resistant soybean genotypes to prevent infection by these nematodes are of great interest for breeders. For these reasons, the aim of this work is to characterize the transcriptome of soybean line PI 595099-Meloidogyne javanica interaction through expression analysis. Two cDNA libraries were obtained using a pool of RNA from PI 595099 uninfected and M. javanica (J(2)) infected roots, collected at 6, 12, 24, 48, 96, 144 and 192 h after inoculation. Around 800 ESTs (Expressed Sequence Tags) were sequenced and clustered into 195 clusters. In silico subtraction analysis identified eleven differentially expressed genes encoding putative proteins sharing amino acid sequence similarities by using BlastX: metallothionein, SLAH4 (SLAC1 Homologue 4), SLAH1 (SLAC1 Homologue 1), zinc-finger proteins, AN1-type proteins, auxin-repressed proteins, thioredoxin and nuclear transport factor 2 (NTF-2). Other genes were also found exclusively in nematode stressed soybean roots, such as NAC domain-containing proteins, MADS-box proteins, SOC1 (suppressor of overexpression of constans 1) proteins, thioredoxin-like protein 4-Coumarate-CoA ligase and the transcription factor (TF) MYBZ2. Among the genes identified in non-stressed roots only were Ser/Thr protein kinases, wound-induced basic protein, ethylene-responsive family protein, metallothionein-like protein cysteine proteinase inhibitor (cystatin) and Putative Kunitz trypsin protease inhibitor. An understanding of the roles of these differentially expressed genes will provide insights into the resistance mechanisms and candidate genes involved in soybean-M. javanica interaction and contribute to more effective control of this pathogen.

[The nurse and patient's nudity]. / A enfermeira e a nudez do paciente.

This is a qualitative study about the relationship among nurses of a university hospital and their patients when they need to undress those patients to take care. The purpose was to analyze speech of seven nurses in this situation. The information was taken by transcribing the semi-structured interviews which were analyzed according Michel Foucault's thought. The results demonstrated that the relationship among nurses and patients at the time when nudity is needed to perform nursing care is full of power, to which the nurses don't feel always prepared. Also the nurses don't think that, acting as they act, they exert power over the patients. It is suggested to Nursing schools to perform seminars about the care with the naked body.

[Worker's life before and after repetive cumulative trauma (RCT) and osteomuscular work-related disease (OWRD)]. / A vida do trabalhador antes e após a lesão por esforço repetitivo (LER) e Doença osteomuscular relacionada ao trabalho (DORT).

This is a qualitative work, which focused on workers routine before and after being affected by RCT/ OWRD. The study aimed at verifying and analyzing if workers' lives had changed after the disease diagnostic. The research took place at sections of the TRT-AL--a Court responsible for labor conciliations in Maceió - Alagoas. The information was collected based on semi-structured interviews and data were analyzed based on the following tematics: life before RCT/OWRD; the activity that caused it; the diagnosis; an answer to the repetitive work and a new perspective to the horizon. Results enabled researchers to suggest preventive care, as well as to contribute for reducing damages caused by repetitive activities and high pressure on workers.

[History and perspectives of nurses' organization in union movements]. / História e perspectivas da organização dos enfermeiros nos movimentos sindicais.

This article presents a reflection about the history of nurses' organization in union movements just like the Central Unica dos Trabalhadores--CUT (Workers Central Union) and its perspectives for the future. The objective is to clarify the presenting ways for the union movements at present time. Primary sources for reflections was CUT's documentation. The approach considers a retrospective of CUT movement in Brazil, discussing its constituting principles. The workers union reformation was also approached, inquiring if the ways to follow in current conjuncture are respecting these principles and assuming the defense of workers' rights. This union movement defended the independence of political party, focusing nursing union as well as the National Federation of Nurses, pointing out perspectives and suggesting discussing issues and linkages to the general fight of Brazilian workers.

[Understanding and practice of educational actions of health family program professionals in São Sebastião-AL: detecting difficulties]. / Entendimento e prática de ações educativas de do Programa Saúde a Família de São Sebastião-AL: detectando dificuldades.

Observing the activities of PSF (Health Family Program) in São Sebastião, it was detected low offer of the education actions in health, as part of the activities of this program. The aims of this work were to identify what was causing all this, according to the professionals' understanding about Education in Health and also to identify difficulties that was faced to develop those actions. It was a descriptive study whose subjects were 10 academical professionals of the local team, interviewed according to a semi-structured guide. As causes of the deficit we have: disorganization of the demand, low education, resistance of the population to the educational actions, absences of appropriate areas and shortage of material support. We concluded that it was necessary that health professionals to update, as well as a larger offer of physical resources and support material, so that the education in health is a reality in PSF.

[Larvicidal activity of tannins isolated of Magonia pubescens St. Hil. (Sapindaceae) against Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae)]. / Atividade larvicida de taninos isolados de Magonia pubescens St. Hil. (Sapindaceae) sobre Aedes aegypti (Diptera, Culicidae).

Phytochemical study of the larvicidal fractions which were carried out for the first time, isolated of the Magonia pubescens, monitored by the study of efficacy against the 3rd larval instar of Aedes aegypti, in the search of alternatives for the control of that mosquito and to obtain structures susceptible to chemical improving of the activity for the synthetic via of other derived. The fractions with biological activity were monitored chemically through chromatography of thin layer, using as revealing a solution acid of vanillin, analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen and spectrometry of masses. The bioassays with the fractions were accomplished with five replications, controlled at the temperature of 28+/-1 degrees C, 80+/-5% of relative humidity and 12 h light. The found lethal concentrations of the fraction that it presented the largest potential larvicidal, MP-9, LC50 and LC90, were of 3.1 and 36.6 ppm, respectively. All the experiments were accompanied by a control series, containing the same number of larvae.

[Classification of researchers/consultants in the nursing area in the CNPq: contribution to a data bank]. / Classificação dos pesquisadores/consultores da área de enfermagem no CNPq: contribuição para um banco de dados.

This study is an analysis of the themes and the knowledge subareas where nursing researchers from CNPq (Brazilian Council for Technological and Scientific Development) are included, based on the projects assessed over the period from 2002 through 2003. Their goals were to present the distribution of researchers according to their present classification in the Nursing area adopted by CNPq and discuss the representativity of the researchers from this knowledge area. Results evidenced that the predominant subareas regarding research in this category were: fundamentals of the care process, followed by the area of adult nursing care. This study also revealed the existing concentration of researchers and pointed out for the need to establish inclusion strategies and to stimulate the return on financial resources to the research they develop. Authors emphasize the importance of an update in the subareas as well as a strengthening effort in scientific production.

[Pedagogical Project for the Graduate Nursing Program at UFAL: adaptations to curricular guidelines]. / Projeto Pedagógico do Curso de Graduação em Enfermagem/UFAL: adequações às Diretrizes Curriculares.

This is an analysis of the adaptation of the Pedagogical Political Project of the Nursing Graduate Program at Alagoas Federal University (PPP/Enf/UFAL) to new Brazilian curriculum guidelines, evidencing convergence points and some points that need to be approached, taking into account that the present project was established prior to the existence of the current curricular guidelines. Our analysis shows that the main difficulties presented by the newly implemented curriculum lie in the ones inherent to the process of changing conceptions on the educational process in Nursing and in the work conditions imposed by the current situation of the Brazilian Public University System. It calls for a review on strategies and contents related to the basis of research and expansion in Nursing Sciences, as well as the search for alternatives to integration with domain areas from Humanistic and Health Sciences.

[Technical production and its interface with nursing]. / A produção tecnológica e a interface com a enfermagem.

This is a descriptive study which subject concerns the interfaces of technological production with nursing. Its objectives is to analyse the interface of technological production with nursing and to discuss that production on the following dimensions: instructional, instrumental and informatic. To develop this the summaries of the papers presented during the last three editions of the Congresso Brasileiro de Enfermagem--1998, 1999 and 2000 were used as a source of information. The inherent subjectivity of a study of summaries was considered a limitation, since it is possible that a miscomprehension between our understanding and the real idea of the author occur. This study showed that Nursing, even in an incipient manner, has been producing constitutive components of the technological production, on its daily work.

[Circumstances of the formalization of the nursing assistant course in Brazil: studying between the lines the 775/49 law]. / Circunstâncias de oficialização do curso de auxiliar de enfermagem no Brasil: estudando as entrelinhas da lei 775/49.

The objective of this study is to discuss the circunstances that determined the incorporation of nursing assistant course at the law number 775/49. Thus we tried to understand the brasilian scene and the politics of hospital health during the period of president Dutra's government and the hospital conditions at that time. The laws and edicts about nursing between 1945 and 1949 are fundamental sources, documents from CD/EEAN/UFRJ and nurses deposition about this question. The first documents analised showed nursin staff insufficiency and the conflict between nurses wish to maintain a high level education and the responsability to supply the demand of nursing personal. The law officialized a course what informaly already existed.